Rooftop solar power solutions are now rapidly becoming common in India. The residential or commercial solar panel system is installed on the roof of a building to generate solar power. This system captures the sun’s energy through solar panels. The solar panels convert it into electricity using ‘photovoltaic cells’ made of semiconductor material. With this, solar energy can power various electric devices in your home. Whether for a small residential setup or a larger commercial space, rooftop solar panels have become an essential part of the shift toward renewable energy sources in India.
Benefits of Solar Panel Installation for Home
Installing a rooftop solar system offers a multitude of benefits. With the right solar power system, you can:
Lower Your Electricity Bills
The primary benefit of residential solar systems is significant savings on your monthly electricity bill. By installing solar panels, you generate free electricity, reducing your reliance on grid power and ultimately cutting down energy expenses.
Reduce Your Carbon Footprint
Solar power is a clean energy solution that doesn’t rely on fossil fuels. By switching to solar electricity, homeowners contribute to a reduced carbon footprint. This green power supply thus makes homes more eco-friendly.
Attain Energy Independence
Once installed, a solar system can help homeowners achieve energy independence, freeing them from rising electricity prices and grid outages.
Increase Your Property Value
Homes with solar panel systems are often seen as more attractive to potential buyers, increasing property value.
Government Subsidies and Incentives
The Indian government has rolled out several initiatives to encourage rooftop solar installations. The PM Surya Ghar Yojana offers a subsidy of up to 40% on residential solar installations (for systems under 10 kW). For smaller systems (up to 3 kW), subsidies are even higher, covering 40% of the installation cost. State governments also offer additional incentives depending on the region.
Furthermore, the net metering system allows homeowners to sell excess electricity generated by their solar panels back to the grid, further reducing their electricity bills. These incentives, combined with reduced installation costs, make solar panel installation increasingly affordable for residential and commercial setups.
Step-by-Step Installation Process
Here is the step-by-step process for the installation of the solar power plant:
Step 1. Site Assessment
A solar installer will assess your rooftop space, orientation, size, and condition to determine the appropriate system size and panel placement. They will also consider your energy consumption to size the system correctly.
Step 2. Financing
Since rooftop solar energy systems are a substantial upfront investment, users can leverage tailored loans from banks and Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs). The easy and safe way to get a rooftop solar loan is through NBFCs like Electronica Finance Limited (EFL). Use the EFL Click App to check your eligibility and secure a loan online.
Step 3. Permits and Approvals
Before installation, the necessary permits and grid connection approvals from your local distribution company (DISCOM) are required. The solar power system installation process begins after this paperwork.
Step 4. Panel Mounting
Once approved, the mounting structure is installed, securely anchoring the solar panels to your roof. Panels are typically mounted at an angle to maximise sunlight exposure.
Step 5. Wiring
The panels are then connected to the solar inverter using solar cables. The inverter converts the DC electricity produced by the panels into AC power, which is usable in your home.
Step 6. System Testing
After wiring, the system is tested to ensure it is functioning properly. If it’s a grid-connected system, net metering will be set up to monitor electricity production and consumption.
Essential Equipment and Components
A solar panel system consists of several key components. It is helpful for you, as a user, to understand the types of solar panels, the components required in solar panel installation, and the expected energy output for optimum performance of your solar panels. The components include:
Solar Panels: These photovoltaic (PV) panels are responsible for capturing sunlight and converting it into DC electricity.
Inverter: The solar inverter converts the DC electricity generated by the panels into AC electricity, making it compatible with your home’s electrical system.
Mounting Structure: The mounting brackets or frames secure the panels to your roof, ensuring they stay in place and are angled for maximum sunlight exposure.
Net Meter: A net meter tracks the energy you use from the grid and the energy you supply back, allowing you to take advantage of net metering.
Battery (only for off-grid systems): For off-grid systems or hybrid systems, a battery stores excess electricity for use during cloudy days or nighttime.
Estimated Costs and Budget Breakdown
The cost of solar installation in India varies depending on the system size and type. As of 2025, the cost for a residential solar system typically ranges between ₹70,000 to ₹85,000 per kW of capacity. For a 3kW system, this translates to an estimated total cost of ₹2.1 to ₹2.55 lakh.
- 1 kW System: ₹70,000 to ₹85,000
- 3 kW System: ₹2.1 lakh to ₹2.55 lakh
- 5 kW System: ₹3.5 lakh to ₹4.25 lakh
Government subsidies reduce the upfront costs. For instance, the PM Surya Ghar Yojana offers 40% subsidies for systems up to 3 kW, further bringing down the initial cost. This expense can then be financed by EFL Rooftop Solar Loans.
Maintenance and Troubleshooting
Solar panel systems have a very low maintenance cost. Regular cleaning is necessary to remove dirt or dust that may accumulate on the panels. Depending on your region, this could be done monthly or quarterly.
Panel Cleaning: Use a soft cloth or sponge with water to clean the panels, avoiding harsh chemicals.
Inverter Checks: Periodic checks to ensure the solar inverter is functioning efficiently and to check for any software updates.
Battery Care: If your system includes a battery, regular checks are needed to ensure it is charging and discharging correctly.
In the rare event of a malfunction, it’s essential to contact the vendor to inspect and repair any issues promptly.
DIY vs Professional Installation
While DIY solar panel installation can be cost-effective, it is generally not recommended unless you have the necessary expertise. The installation process involves electrical wiring, structural mounting, and integration with the grid, which requires professional knowledge. A solar installation company provides a warranty, ensures the system is set up correctly, and ensures compliance with government regulations.
A professional solar installer will also provide advice on system size, positioning, and performance monitoring systems, ensuring maximum efficiency. Additionally, they will handle the necessary paperwork and approvals from your local utility provider, reducing the risk of errors.
FAQs
1. How much does it cost to install a rooftop solar lighting system in India?
The cost of installing a rooftop solar lighting system in India typically ranges between ₹70,000 to ₹85,000 per kW. Subsidies, such as the PM Surya Ghar Yojana, can reduce the cost by up to 40%, making it more affordable.
2. Can I install a solar lighting system myself at home?
While it is possible to install a solar lighting system yourself, it is not recommended unless you have experience with electrical systems. Professional solar installers ensure proper installation, grid connection, and safety compliance, which is crucial for system efficiency and warranty.
3. How many solar panels do I need for home lighting?
The number of solar panels required depends on your energy consumption. On average, a 3 kW solar system for home lighting needs around 10-12 solar panels (300W each). For larger homes or higher energy needs, you may require more panels.
4. Are rooftop solar lighting systems suitable for apartments?
Yes, rooftop solar lighting systems can be installed in apartments, especially if the building has access to roof space and the necessary permissions from the building management. Solar panel installation in apartments is becoming more common, and many residential sectors are adopting solar for common area lighting.
